OK Ray,
what US State has the most cattle? And don't go look it up on the net, OK?
In the mid west, where most of the corn in NA is grown, I haven't seen any sugar cane fields, so that's not going to work. After the starch is extracted from corn what's left is fed to animals, so nothing is being wasted. There is also a lot of carbon dioxide from this process that is used in the soft drink industry. There are things made from corn that would really surprise most people and it has many uses. Even the insulator on a spark plug is made from corn.
The conversion ratio from corn to ethanol is about 2 to 1. Feeding corn to cattle is about 3 to 1. For every three pounds of corn you feed you can get roughly 1 pound of gain. This doesn't factor in other things such as hay or silage. In other words, a 1,200 pound steer will need more than three pounds of food every day. I raised cattle for over 30 years so I'm kind of familiar with what they do.
All kinds of things get subsidies, that's hardly new. Since I don't farm in the US, I really don't know what they get, or if US farmers see all that much anymore. There was a time when there was an export subsidy but I hink that was replaced by the US farm bill. I believe that contained land set-asides or conservation acres, which is basically paying people not to farm their land. We have no such program here at all. The only things I get a small break on is the price of crop insurance. I pay a certain premium per acre and the Feds kick in about the same amount. We also have an income stabilization program that tops up a certain amount per acre. All of these programs have to meet both NAFTA and GATT treaties as well as WTO requirements or a countervail will follow.
I guess with the political and economic climate in the US and other countries people are looking at who gets what more than ever.
Now, if you could tell me where I put my car keys, I'd have less time to post about agriculture.