Rutger,
There are many ways to achieve what you are looking for.
One thing to consider is chemical cleaning; do an internet search for "aluminum cleaner" or "aluminum brightener"; these are products that chemically clean the surface of aluminum and bring back that "fresh cast" look. In the USA there are many of these products available.
Be very, very careful using any kind of bead blasting--the media selection is critical and so is the handling of the piece. It is very easy to change the surface texture.
Professional powder coating is less costly than many people think in areas where it is available; the one I use has all manner of clear powders to use to maintain a fresh-cast look and provide longer lasting protection than paint. In addition there are all kinds of "aluminum" colored powders as well. All depends on what you want.
My guess is the local firm I use would charge about $75 or so for a valve cover.
Attached is a "before" photo of my valve cover "in situ"; also is the valve cover on the engine after a chemical cleaning with that "fresh cast look". Other aluminum components on the engine were painted aluminum color. The photos are not the best "apples to apples" comparison, but they are what I had available. The original valve cover had "greyed" over the years, and also showed some elements of the white powder corrosion in places and typical grease/dirt/oil spots and marks. After chemical cleaning w/o any media, the cover became what is shown in the second photo which truly looked "freshly cast".
Alas, today the valve cover, while mostly clean, looks somewhere in between the two...