The proper way to do these parts now is to vapor blast. Sand- or any other media-blasting is too abrasive for surfaces that are not being painted or otherwise finish-treated afterwards. I had my valve cover, cylinder head, intake manifold and even the exhaust manifolds vapor blasted.
I had not heard of vapor blasting before so I looked it up. From the places that do it that I found, most of which have a description of the process, it too uses an abrasive media albeit mixed with water, so it would not be an appropriate cleaning method if residual abrasive is going to be a concern.
I would probably suggest the dry ice blasting which leaves no residue of any kind; it just evaporates. More and more firms are doing this as the equipment cost is coming down.
Since this initial thread was started regarding a valve cover, wouldn't it have been prudent to simply block off the underside, plug the holes, and just do the top side? In any case the natural finish on the valve cover is not rough, but smooth. I don't know that any abrasive blasting of any kind would have been the proper protocol.
A good thorough cleaning of the outside could easily be done (once the valve cover is removed from the car that is) with degreasers followed by aluminum brighteners, to bring back that fresh-cast look.