Leaping in with random thoughts and questions -
I assume the vacuum modulator has something to do with when the transmission upshifts?
Low vacuum generally means high load (throttle more open), and high vacuum generally means low load (throttle less open). But might not engine condition affect vacuum, too, with a worn engine having less vacuum?
Perhaps in Cees' case, the old engine had less vacuum to begin with, and when the throttle was opened further the vacuum went low enough to delay the upshift?
Is the vacuum modulator adjustable?
Is there life on other planets?
George Davis
'69 280 SL Euro manual