After a short trip with my 230SL I noticed that the key would not turn in the driver side door lock. In case it happens to you here are a few tips for a possible repair provided you have some spare parts from another lock cylinder.
1. Remove the handle, unscrew the locking arm (or stem), then remove the locking clip and the parts come apart. See first photo.
Careful, do not remove the key while doing this!
In my case one of the five tumblers was broken and the bits prevented the cylinder from rotating.
2. To replace a tumbler slowly pull out the key while using your index finger and thumb to press down on the spring loaded tumblers. Two of them point down and three point up. Usually there is enough old grease and gum present to prevent the tiny springs from firing these tumblers into orbit. But if you are a neat guy who doesn't want to get dirty fingers you may have washed the cylinder clean with carb or brake spray cleaner and then it is a distinct possibility that they'll fly off.
3. The reason for the broken tumbler was my original key whose teeth are now no longer sharp and pointed. As shown in the second photo this causes the tumblers not to retract completely and you have to wiggle it up and down and pull away a tiny bit. By trying to rotate the cylinder with a bit of force I obviously broke one of them. Fortunately my spare key is still good and when inserted all tumblers are flush.
4. Even if you have spare tumbler of the correct size you may have to file the "nose" a bit in order to insert it correctly into the slot.
I'll put this into the technical manual also.