The most common overdrive units were by Laycock de Normanville, and found exclusively on manual transmissions. Typical applications were in M.G.s, Triumphs, Volvos, Austin Healeys., etc. Many American makes used Columbia two-speed rear axles. Studebaker and Rambler employed them right up into the 60's.
Automatic transmissions were developed with internal overdrive gear ratios, rather than add-on units.